DatabaseRedis

Redis 설치 및 명령어 정리

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1. 1.Mac OS Redis

Redis 설치하기

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$brew install redis

Warning: Treating redis as a formula. For the cask, use homebrew/cask/redis
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/redis-6.0.9.catalina.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net/673b1485f012e3c9a509c913d175e18451ddab50eca0
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring redis-6.0.9.catalina.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
To have launchd start redis now and restart at login:
  brew services start redis
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/redis/6.0.9: 13 files, 3.9MB

다음과 같이 명령어를 진행하면 Redis설치가 진행됩니다. 아직 Homebrew가 없으신분들은 반드시 설치를 하셔야합니다.

Redis가 설치된 경로

Redis의 실행파일은 다음과 같은 경로에 저장됩니다.

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/usr/local/bin/redis-server

Redis 설정파일은 다음과 같은 경로에 저장됩니다.

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/usr/local/etc/redis.conf

2. 2. Redis 실행하기

이제 brew를 통하여 Redis를 성공적으로 설치를 하였으니 Redis서버를 실행하여봅시다.

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$redis-server

다음과 같은 명령어를 사용하면

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10529:C 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.335 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
10529:C 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.335 # Redis version=6.0.9, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=10529, just started
10529:C 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.335 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.337 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 256).
                _._
           _.-``__ ''-._
      _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 6.0.9 (00000000/0) 64 bit
  .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._
 (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
 |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: ----
 |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: ----
  `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
 |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
 |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
  `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
      `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
          `-._        _.-'
              `-.__.-'

10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 # Server initialized
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 * Loading RDB produced by version 6.0.9
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 * RDB age 64 seconds
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 * RDB memory usage when created 0.96 Mb
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:08:11.338 * Ready to accept connections
redis-cli
^C10529:signal-handler (1612022976) Received SIGINT scheduling shutdown...
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:09:36.132 # User requested shutdown...
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:09:36.132 * Saving the final RDB snapshot before exiting.
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:09:36.135 * DB saved on disk
10529:M 31 Jan 2021 01:09:36.135 # Redis is now ready to exit, bye bye...

다음과같은 하드디스크같은 그림이 뜨면서 Redis가 정상적으로 동작한것을 확인할 수 있습니다.

3. 3. Redis-Cli

이제 다음과 같이 서버가 동작하게 되었으므로, 해당 터미널은 띄워둔채 다른 터미널을 하나 키신후 다음과 같은 명령어를 진행합니다.

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$redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379>

하나의 콘솔 cli창이 보여지게 되면서 이제 Redis관련 동작을 command로 제어할 수 있게됩니다.

4. 4. Redis Command

redis 키 생성 및 조회

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127.0.0.1:6379> set gwan www.github.com
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>
127.0.0.1:6379> get gwan
"www.github.com"

모든 키값 조회하기

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127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "gwan"

저장된 키값 조회

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$127.0.0.1:6379> keys *gw*
1) "gwan"

키 존재여부 확인

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> exists gwan
(integer) 0

키 삭제하기

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> del gwan
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379[15]> keys *
(empty array)

키 만료시간 지정하기(Second)

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> expire gwan 100
(integer) 1

키 만료시간 지정하기(Unix Time)

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> expireat gwan 100
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[15]> ttl gwan
(integer) -2

키 만료시간 삭제

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> persist gwan
(integer) 1

키 만료시간 확인하기

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> expire gwan 1000
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379[15]> ttl gwan
(integer) 997

키 타입 조회

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> type gwan
string

Redis 정보 조회

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127.0.0.1:6379[15]> info
# Server
redis_version:6.0.9
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:26c3229b35eb3beb
redis_mode:standalone
os:Darwin 19.5.0 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:kqueue
atomicvar_api:atomic-builtin
gcc_version:4.2.1
process_id:10758
run_id:91ff9f67b95c54f394234f6004cffbe07960d2b2
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:1719
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
configured_hz:10
lru_clock:1412238
executable:/Users/kgh/redis-server
config_file:
io_threads_active:0

# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_recent_max_input_buffer:16
client_recent_max_output_buffer:0
blocked_clients:0
tracking_clients:0
clients_in_timeout_table:0

# Memory
used_memory:1066368
used_memory_human:1.02M
used_memory_rss:901120
used_memory_rss_human:880.00K
used_memory_peak:1123120
used_memory_peak_human:1.07M
used_memory_peak_perc:94.95%
used_memory_overhead:1019192
used_memory_startup:1001536
used_memory_dataset:47176
used_memory_dataset_perc:72.77%
allocator_allocated:1019776
allocator_active:863232
allocator_resident:863232
total_system_memory:8589934592
total_system_memory_human:8.00G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
used_memory_scripts:0
used_memory_scripts_human:0B
number_of_cached_scripts:0
maxmemory:0
maxmemory_human:0B
maxmemory_policy:noeviction
allocator_frag_ratio:0.85
allocator_frag_bytes:18446744073709395072
allocator_rss_ratio:1.00
allocator_rss_bytes:0
rss_overhead_ratio:1.04
rss_overhead_bytes:37888
mem_fragmentation_ratio:0.88
mem_fragmentation_bytes:-118656
mem_not_counted_for_evict:0
mem_replication_backlog:0
mem_clients_slaves:0
mem_clients_normal:17456
mem_aof_buffer:0
mem_allocator:libc
active_defrag_running:0
lazyfree_pending_objects:0

# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:3
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1612023255
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_last_cow_size:0
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
aof_last_cow_size:0
module_fork_in_progress:0
module_fork_last_cow_size:0

# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:14
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:369
total_net_output_bytes:18757
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
expired_stale_perc:0.00
expired_time_cap_reached_count:0
expire_cycle_cpu_milliseconds:49
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:1
keyspace_misses:0
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:0
migrate_cached_sockets:0
slave_expires_tracked_keys:0
active_defrag_hits:0
active_defrag_misses:0
active_defrag_key_hits:0
active_defrag_key_misses:0
tracking_total_keys:0
tracking_total_items:0
tracking_total_prefixes:0
unexpected_error_replies:0
total_reads_processed:15
total_writes_processed:14
io_threaded_reads_processed:0
io_threaded_writes_processed:0

# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_replid:4c355e7154a8a46cccffd4acfbe1e1ed5e5183d9
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:0
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU
used_cpu_sys:0.767543
used_cpu_user:0.575956
used_cpu_sys_children:0.000000
used_cpu_user_children:0.000000

# Modules

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
db15:keys=1,expires=1,avg_ttl=68029

Redis Database 변경

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$select 1

select 1~15
해당 번호는 1~15 데이터베이스를 선택하겠다 라는 뜻입니다.

주의할점: select를 사용할때 1~15까지 진행하는 이유는 Redis는 하나의 인스턴스에 최대 16개의 데이터베이스를 가질 수 있습니다.

auth 접속하기

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$redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth 비밀번호입력

5. Redis 명령어 정리

명령어 사용예시 기능설명
del del ${key} 키 삭제
exists exists ${key} 키 존재여부
expire expire ${key} ${second} 만료시간 지정 (초단위)
expireat expireat $(key} ${unixtime} 만료시간 지정 (유닉스 시간)
get get ${key} 해당 키의 값 출력
info info redis 정보 조회
keys keys ${key_pattern} 패턴에 부합하는 키목록 출력
persist persist ${key} 만료시간을 삭제
set set ${key} ${value} 키와 데이터를 추가
ttl ttl ${key} 만료시간 확인
type type ${key} 해당 키의 타입 확인
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